Abstract
Parking is a key element of a sustainable urban mobility policy. It plays a fundamental role in travel planning and transport management, as the foremost vector of modal choice, but also as a potential means of freeing up public spaces. In this article we define the smart parking concept, as an application of smart mobility, present a historical analysis of the evolution of smart parking framework and show a statistical analysis of the published patent applications in this field around the world using the ORBIT database. Then, we propose a new smart parking architecture based on multi-agent features. Finally, we introduce the e-Parking system, platform to improve the driver experience of crowded cities. It provides real-time parking prices and offers a reservation and guidance services. In addition, the system assigns an optimal parking for a driver based on the user’s requirements that combine proximity to destination, parking cost and dwell time, while ensuring a fair sharing of public space among users and improves traffic conditions. Our approach is based on dynamic pricing policy. Our scheme is suitable for mixed-usage areas, as it considers the presence of reserved and not reserved driver in the same parking area.
Highlights
Throughout the 20th century, the private car is gradually becoming the most favorable transport mode
We focus on the smart parking concept as an application of urban mobility that aims to resolve traffic problems
We present a historical analysis of the evolution of the concept and statistical analysis of the published patent applications for smart parking in the ORBIT database around the world
Summary
Throughout the 20th century, the private car is gradually becoming the most favorable transport mode. The large number of drivers looking for parking spaces is mainly due to: Lack of parking information, so that drivers conduct blind research to find an available parking lot; Driver preferences for free or cheap parking lots That they move away from the off-street parking to go to the on-street parking lots, which causes many problems of urban traffic; Drivers who occupy attractive parking lots for a long time (commuters) and prevent the rotation of parking spaces. Commuters who arrive early, take the attractive parking places and drivers arriving during the day do not find places available near to their destinations To address these problems, we may introduce smart parking solutions, through guidance and booking services.
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