Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing e-commerce and to evaluate the long and short-term impacts on the development of e-commerce activity. After establishing the hypotheses to verify, we use multiple panel regressions to test the influence of education level, consumer’s residence, consumer’s labour market status, internet banking, mobile and non-mobile users on the development of e-commerce. For this matter, in this paper, by adopting the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) method and a vector error correction model (VECM), we performed an empirical analysis of the nexus between education level, consumer’s residence, consumer’s labour market status, internet banking and mobile and non-mobile users and e-commerce, based on panel data for EU–27 countries from 2011 to 2020. The results of the study indicate that all the variables involved in the two econometric models and associated with education level, consumer’s residence, labour market status, internet banking, mobile and non-mobile users, all have significant impacts on the development of e-commerce. Most of the variables positively influence the development of e-commerce except for internet purchases by individuals un-employed and for internet purchases by non-mobile users that are negatively correlated with e-commerce activity.
Highlights
Advances in recent decades in the field of technology, but especially of computers and the Internet have led to an impact on society and the emergence of disparities in this regard both nationally and, especially, globally [1].This expansion has led to faster, safer and more efficient businesses with beneficial effects for both producers and consumers
Most studies that focus on how education level, residence and labour market status influence consumer behaviour are based on data obtained from questionnaires and very few studies are based on data obtained from national or international statistics
In this paper, by adopting the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) method and a vector error correction model (VECM), we performed an empirical analysis of the nexus between education level, consumer’s residence, consumer’s labour market status, internet banking, and mobile users and e-commerce, based on panel data for EU–27 countries from 2011 to 2020
Summary
Advances in recent decades in the field of technology, but especially of computers and the Internet have led to an impact on society and the emergence of disparities in this regard both nationally and, especially, globally [1]. According to other study [9], the most developed countries from the e-commerce perspective are Ireland, Belgium and the Czech Republic These countries have been able to exploit the potential of e-commerce due to structural and policy changes at the government level, establishing a positive environment for companies involved in e-commerce. The second aim of the study is to analyse e-commerce from the perspective of mobile payment, internet banking—trend towards mobile e-commerce. These aims will be fulfilled using four hypotheses that will be further described . The final part is allocated to the conclusions of the study
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