Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, mainly manifested by persistent abnormal proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), inflammation, synovial hyperplasia and cartilage erosion, accompanied by joint swelling and joint destruction. Abnormal expression or function of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely related to human diseases, including cancers, mental diseases, autoimmune diseases and others. The abnormal sequence and spatial structure of lncRNAs, the disorder expression and the abnormal interaction with the binding protein will lead to the change of gene expression in the way of epigenetic modification. Increasing evidence demonstrated that lncRNAs were involved in the activation of FLSs, which played a key role in the pathogenesis of RA. In this review, the research progress of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of RA was systematically summarized, including the role of lncRNAs in the diagnosis of RA, the regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of RA, and the intervention role of lncRNAs in the treatment of RA. Furthermore, the activated signal pathways, the role of DNA methylation and other mechanism have also been overview in this review.
Highlights
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology (Madav et al, 2020)
Lnc-AL928768.3 and lnc-AC091493.1 increased in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared with the control group, and these two long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were positively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and disease activity scores (Sun et al, 2020b). lnc-AL928768.3 and lnc-AC091493.1 may be new markers of RA risk and disease severity
It was worth noting that the TT genotype of rs13039216 in the lnc0640 gene was related to the risk reduction of RA, and the G allele of the rs141561256 polymorphism in the lnc5150 gene was significantly related to the level of rheumatoid factor
Summary
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology (Madav et al, 2020). The co-expression network constructed included 229 network nodes and 340 connections between 116 lncRNAs and 113 mRNAs. Compared with control, the levels of 289 lncRNAs in the plasma of RA patients changed significantly, of which 169 were up-regulated and 120 were downregulated. The levels of 289 lncRNAs in the plasma of RA patients changed significantly, of which 169 were up-regulated and 120 were downregulated This further suggests that lncRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of RA. Lnc-AL928768.3 and lnc-AC091493.1 increased in RA patients compared with the control group, and these two lncRNAs were positively correlated with ESR, CRP levels and disease activity scores (Sun et al, 2020b). The detection of lncRNAs levels on the synovial tissue sample of patients with RA collected during surgery can best reflect the change of lncRNAs with the pathological development, and help
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