Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder with a hidden onset, including difficult early detection and diagnosis. Nevertheless, the new crucial biomarkers for the diagnosis and pathogenesis of AD need to be explored further. Here, the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through a comprehensive analysis of gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Furthermore, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that these DEGs were mainly associated with biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions, which are involved in multiple cellular functions. Next, we found that 9 of the 24 genes showed the same regulatory changes in the blood of patients with AD compared to those in the GEO database, and 2 of the 24 genes showed a significant correlation with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. Finally, we determined that mice with AD and elderly mice had the same regulatory changes in the identified DEGs in both the blood and hippocampus. Our study identified several potential core biomarkers of AD and aging, which could contribute to the early detection, differential diagnosis, treatment, and pathological analysis of AD.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, has become an increasingly severe global public health concern, placing a colossal burden on both families and society [1]
The diagnosis of AD mainly relies on the history of individual cognitive and behavioral changes, opinions from other family members, cognitive tests, neurologic examinations, blood tests, and brain imaging ruling out other potential causes of dementia symptoms [6]
We aimed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing the gene expression profiles of patients with AD and NECs
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, has become an increasingly severe global public health concern, placing a colossal burden on both families and society [1]. AD is an age-related disease characterized by initial difficulties with memory, progressive cognitive impairment, dysfunctions in daily activities, and abnormal mental and behavioral changes. Considerable evidence shows that the development of AD involves a genetic component and that the mutation or abnormal expression of genes triggers the occurrence and the progression of its core pathology [4]. The diagnosis of AD mainly relies on the history of individual cognitive and behavioral changes, opinions from other family members, cognitive tests, neurologic examinations, blood tests, and brain imaging ruling out other potential causes of dementia symptoms [6]. The novel pathological genes of AD require further exploration
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