Dysphagia in Patients after Total Laryngectomy

Abstract

Theoretical basis: Total laryngectomy is the surgical procedure in which the larynx is totally removed and the airway is interrupted, respiration being performed through a tracheal stoma resulting from bringing the trachea to the skin in the lower, anterior, cervical area. This provides a complete and permanent separation of the superior part of the airway from the inferior one, resulting in voice and smell loss. The Aim of the study is to determine the importance of dysphagia as eating disorder in patients after total laryngectomy. Results: Swallowing may seem to be a simple process, yet it involves complex stages. Difficulty in swallowing is called dysphagia, and it involves an inability to manage the entire process of eating food of normal consistency. Dysphagia, or impaired swallowing function, has been established as a predominant negative sequel following laryngectomy. The psychosocial aspects of dysphagia, which arise as a consequence of long-term swallowing dysfunction and their ultimate impact on a patient’s quality of life have received minimal attention in the literature. Laryngectomy patients who presented with persistent dysphagia reported significantly higher levels of disability than those patients who could tolerate a normal diet. Laryngectomy patients with dysphagia reported that the prolongation of swallowing impairments following the postoperative phase had affected their ability to fulfill certain social, educational, and/or family roles; decreased their self-confidence and self-esteem; and resulted in poor ability to achieve their potential in certain situations. Conclusion: Dysphagia is very important complication in patients after total laryngectomy which can affect physical and mental recovery.