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Abstract
Background: Thyroid hormones influence nearly all major metabolic pathways. Their most obvious and well-known action is the increase in basal energy expenditure obtained by acting on protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism is more influenced by the thyroid hormone.
 Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group.
 Results: The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group.
 Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction.
 Keywords: Thyroid profile, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL
Highlights
It is well known that alterations in thyroid function result in changes in the composition and transport of lipoproteins[13]
The serum TC, TG and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in hypothyroid individuals were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group
Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients
Summary
It is well known that alterations in thyroid function result in changes in the composition and transport of lipoproteins[13]. Hyperthyroidism (both overt and subclinical) is accompanied by a decrease in serum levels of total, LDL and HDL cholesterol[6]. These changes in the lipid profile are explained by the regulatory effect of thyroid hormones on the activity of some key enzymes of lipoprotein metabolism. The thyroid hormone stimulates the hepatic de novo cholesterol synthesis by inducing the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase that catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, the first step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol This results in an enhanced intracellular cholesterol concentration in hyperthyroidism and a decreased one in hypothyroidism.
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