Dyslipidaemia of Alloxan-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Dogs is attenuated by Ethanolic Extracts of Anogeissus Leiocarpus Stem Bark

Abstract

Introduction: The effect of ethanolic extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus stem bark on dyslipidaemia induced by diabetes mellitus (DM) was investigated, since enhanced pro-synthetic hypoglycaemic drugs did not effectively control dyslipidemia of DM, apart from causing toxicity and resistance. Materials and Methods: Twelve adult Nigerian indigenous dogs were placed in 4 groups of 3 each, namely non diabetic (ND); diabetic untreated (DU); diabetic treated with insulin (DI) and diabetic treated with extract (DE). Body weights and lipid profiles were measured during a four-week period. Results: Significant percentage body weight decreased in DU (50.21 %) throughout the period of study with continuous increase in body weight in ND (46.96 %). In DI and DE there were initial decreases in body weights (11.08% and 14.54% respectively) which significantly increased (23.53 % and 32.30 % respectively) by the fourth week. Lipid profiles revealed significant (P < 0.002) increases in triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in DU group when compared with the DE group. There was also a significant (P < 0.002) decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the DU when compared to DE, DI and ND groups. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus stem bark attenuated the dyslipidaemia produced in alloxaninduced type 1 diabetes mellitus in Nigerian indigenous dogs.