Dysbiosis of urine microbiota in obstructive urinary retention patients revealed by next-generation sequencing

Shan Jiang,Chengwei Zhu,Shihao Xu,Xiaomin Chen,Xiaobing Wang,Yuancai Zheng,Fengxia Li,Saisai Lu

doi:10.1186/s12941-020-00408-5

Abstract

BackgroundUrinary retention (UR) is a common urinary system disease can be caused by urinary tract obstruction with numerous reasons, however, the role of urine microbes in these disorders is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the urine microbial features of two common types of obstructive UR, caused by urinary stones or urinary tract tumors, with comparison to healthy controls.MethodsUrine samples were collected from a cohort of 32 individuals with stone UR, 25 subjects with tumor UR and 25 healthy controls. The urine microbiome of all samples was analyzed using high-throughput 16S rRNA (16S ribosomal RNA) gene sequencing.ResultsWe observed dramatically increased urine microbial richness and diversity in both obstructive UR groups compared to healthy controls. Despite different origins of UR, bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Sphingomonas were enriched, while Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Gardnerella, Prevotella and Atopobium were decreased in both UR groups in comparison with healthy controls, exhibited an approximate urine microbial community and functional characteristics of two types of obstructive UR. Furthermore, disease classifiers were constructed using specific enriched genera in UR, which can distinguish stone UR or tumor UR patients from healthy controls with an accuracy of 92.29% and 97.96%, respectively.ConclusionWe presented comprehensive microbial landscapes of two common types of obstructive urinary retention and demonstrated that urine microbial features of these patients are significantly different from that of healthy people. The urine microbial signatures would shed light on the pathogenesis of these types of urinary retention and might be used as potential classification tools in the future.

Highlights

Urinary retention (UR) is a common urinary system disease can be caused by urinary tract obstruction with numerous reasons, the role of urine microbes in these disorders is still poorly understood
The operational taxonomic unit (OTU) profile was obtained after 16S rDNA data analysis To study the urine microorganisms in obstructive UR, we performed 16S sequencing on urine samples from 84 Chinese participants, including 34 patients with UR caused by lithiasis, 25 patients with UR due to the urinary tract tumors, and 25 healthy controls
We further explored the association of the urine microbiome with clinical manifestations (Fig. 2d) and found that there were some significantly negative correlations between the estimated glomerular filtration rate level and the microorganisms that were enriched in obstructive UR patients, such as Pseudomonas, Methylobacterium, Elizabethkingia, and so on

Summary

Introduction

Urinary retention (UR) is a common urinary system disease can be caused by urinary tract obstruction with numerous reasons, the role of urine microbes in these disorders is still poorly understood. Jiang et al Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob (2021) 20:2 interfere with the brain’s ability to receive signals that the bladder is full and the body’s ability to function properly [6,7,8] Conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urinary tract stones and certain tumors can lead to urethral stricture or deformation cause obstruction [9]. Acute UR occurs suddenly and causes great discomfort or pain to the patient. It is a potentially life-threatening medical condition that requires immediate emergency treatment, such as bladder drainage, urethral dilation or surgery

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