Abstract
During the scientific researches, scientific and methodological recommendations have been developed for determining the irrigation norms of crops for years with different water balance deficit availability, including a method for assessing and zoning a territory according to the coefficient of natural heat and moisture supply (moisture index) Mi, calculation models for rationing irrigation taking into account territorial and temporal variability, irrigation requirements for main crops, differentiated by natural and climatic zones within the Astrakhan Region. Based on statistical research and mathematical analysis of the main climatic indicators - air temperature and precipitation, trends and the degree of change in these indicators were investigated and identified according to observation data, as well as rational ecologically balanced regimes of irrigation of crops in the Astrakhan Region were calculated. According to the research results, based on the developed methodology, net irrigation requirements (mm) were calculated for the main forage and vegetable crops in years of different humidity (supply), taking into account the climatic zones identified by the moisture index (Mi) in the Astrakhan Region.
Highlights
The most important global problem is the intense increase in demand for water, which threatens global development in the face of uncertainty and the risk of reduced water resources associated with growing demand for food, high rates of urbanization, and climate change, which negatively affect the world's freshwater supplies
Analyzing the meteorological data for the Astrakhan Region in a long-term series of data from 1980–2020, as well as temperature and precipitation data for the vegetation period 2018, 2019, 2020, a tendency to an increase in the sum of maximum temperatures and a decrease in precipitation is established, which increases anomalous deviations in this territory and is reflected in figures, which will affect the increase in irrigation requirements for irrigation of crops in the Astrakhan Region
A scientific and methodological document has been developed for determining the irrigation norms of crops for years with different water balance deficit availability, including a method for assessing and zoning a territory according to the coefficient of natural heat and moisture supply Ku, calculation models for rationing irrigation taking into account territorial and temporal variability, irrigation requirements for main crops, differentiated by natural and climatic zones within the Astrakhan Region (Figure 6)
Summary
The most important global problem is the intense increase in demand for water, which threatens global development in the face of uncertainty and the risk of reduced water resources associated with growing demand for food, high rates of urbanization, and climate change, which negatively affect the world's freshwater supplies. Methodological substantiation and calculation of irrigation norms for crops differentiated by natural and climatic zones of the Astrakhan Region considering environmental requirements.
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