Abstract
Increasing evidences have revealed a close interaction between the intestinal microbes and host growth performance. The shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) gut harbors a diverse microbial community, yet its associations with dietary, body weight and weaning age remain a matter of debate. In this study, we analyzed the effects of different dietary (fishmeal group (NC), krill meal group (KM)) and different growth stages (age from 42 day-old to 98 day-old) of the shrimp on the intestinal microbiota. High throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes of shrimp intestinal microbes determined the novelty of bacteria in the shrimp gut microbiota and a core of 58 Operation Taxonomic Units (OTUs) was present among the shrimp gut samples. Analysis results indicated that the development of the shrimp gut microbiota is a dynamic process with three stages across the age according to the gut microbiota compositions. Furthermore, the dietary of KM group did not significantly change the intestinal microbiota of the shrimps compared with NC group. Intriguingly, compared to NC group, we observed in KM group that a fluctuation of the shrimp gut microbiota coincided with the shrimp body weight gain between weeks 6–7. Six OTUs associated with the microbiota change in KM group were identified. This finding strongly suggests that the shrimp gut microbiota may be correlated with the shrimp body weight likely by influencing nutrient uptake in the gut. The results obtained from this study potentially will be guidelines for manipulation to provide novel shrimp feed management approaches.
Highlights
The shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, known as the Pacific white shrimp, is one of the most highly farmed animal and it has already been the dominant cultured shrimp throughout the world[1]
The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of dietary with two different basal diets on shrimp intestinal microbial community shifts at different growing stages
Total 144 samples were collected every week over 8 weeks, including feeding with food based on fishmeal and peanut bran shrimps (NC) and krill meal shrimps (KM), respectively
Summary
The shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, known as the Pacific white shrimp, is one of the most highly farmed animal and it has already been the dominant cultured shrimp throughout the world[1]. Few published data on the relationship between shrimp body weight and gut microbes are available and the knowledge of the shrimp intestinal microbiota at different growth stages is still limited. As an abundant resource with high nutritional value, krill meal used to displace fishmeal has not been elucidated and whether it can be a potential candidate feed ingredients need to be further investigated. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of dietary with two different basal diets (one based on fishmeal, the other reduce the amount of fishmeal and replace it with krill meal) on shrimp intestinal microbial community shifts at different growing stages. An Illumina-based high-throughput sequencing method was used to analyze the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiota and seek the association among dietary, intestinal microbiota structure, body weight and weaning age of shrimp. The significant discrimination of the microbial compositions between NC group and KM group, different body weight, and different growth stages were identified by various statistical analyses
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