Abstract
A few species of sharks have jaws structurally effective for crushing hard-shelled prey, but the functions of the jaws and teeth of the remaining species, that is of most kinds of sharks, are restricted to grasping prey or to cutting off pieces of prey to get something of suitable size for swallowing. The grasping function is one which may be performed by any shark; but the type of jaw and dentition apparently most effective and most restricted for this pur? pose is that found in the sand shark, Carcharias taurus, one of the more primitve of existing galeoids. The sand shark has teeth especially adapted for holding. The teeth are long, spike-like, and irregularly spaced and are held permanently in position to function in more than one series. The sand shark has
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