Abstract
Photoinduced effects on the charge- and orbital-ordered (CO/OO) states in a layered perovskite manganite ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1.5}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{4}$ have been investigated with femtosecond polarization-sensitive pump-probe spectroscopy. Disappearance of the optical birefringence as well as conspicuous change of the optical spectrum indicates the immediate destruction of the CO/OO states upon photoexcitation. A large difference in the temporal evolution of the birefringence and the reflectivity change was observed, indicating that the adiabatic, fast $(l200\mathrm{fs})$ photomelting of the CO/OO states is followed by slow (10 ps--10 ns) evolution of the lattice disorder, which is subject to the critical slowing down effect as the temperature approaches ${T}_{\mathrm{CO}}=220\mathrm{K}.$
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