Dynamics of Oil and Fatty Acid Accumulation in Brassicaceae Seeds

Abstract

The dynamics of oil and fatty acid accumulation in Brassicaceae oilseeds in the conditions of the Middle Volga region were studied. The objects of research were Camelina sativa, var. Jubilyar, and Sinapis alba, var. Lutsiya. Samples were taken every 10 days from the moment the seeds were formed. It was shown that the fat content of these seeds at the initial stages of seed formation was almost the same and made up 3.2–3.8%. The intensity of the process of oil accumulation in them then changed and the fat content in the seeds increased by 2–3 times. The maximum oil content (27.2 and 39.8%) in Sinapis alba and Camelina sativa seeds was noted when the seeds reached full maturity. As the seeds matured, the synthesis of linoleic and linolenic acids increased, and their content decreased by 29.1 and 17.2%, respectively. The oleic acid content in the oil also decreased: by 9.0% for the Camelina sativa seeds and by only 4.6% for Sinapis alba seeds. The eruic acid content increased regardless of the species.