Dynamics of International Student Migration: An Explorative Study in the Context of Kerala, India

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamics of international student migration from Kerala, a region with a distinctive history of skilled migration. The research focuses on understanding the motivations, experiences, and trends in student mobility, particularly in the post-pandemic era. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study gathers data from 37 participants in Thiruvalla, Kerala, using structured questionnaires, telephonic interviews, and Google Forms. The demographic analysis of respondents primarily includes students aged 20-30 years, representing a blend of gender and socioeconomic backgrounds. Key findings indicate that the principal motivation for migration is the pursuit of higher quality education and improved career prospects. The study reveals a preference for English-speaking countries, with the UK, New Zealand, and Germany being the favored destinations, reflecting language familiarity and perceived educational excellence. Most respondents migrated after completing their undergraduate studies, aiming for postgraduate education abroad. The reliance on educational loans as the primary source of funding highlights the significant financial commitment of students and their families. The research identifies substantial challenges faced by students, including financial constraints, social and psychological adaptation issues, and the hurdles of cultural integration. Interestingly, a majority of students express a desire to seek employment in host countries post-graduation, suggesting a trend towards long-term migration goals. The study concludes that the perceived drawbacks of Kerala's educational institutions – such as low-quality education, outdated syllabi, and lack of job-oriented courses – significantly influence migration decisions. This underscores the need for educational reforms in Kerala to align with global standards and students' aspirations. The study provides valuable insights into the factors driving international student migration from Kerala, emphasizing the need for policy interventions and educational improvements.