Dynamics of incoming and outgoing tourism in Russia in 2014–2022

Abstract

International tourism has a significant impact on economic, political and cultural ties between states and peoples. This circumstance is relevant for the development of international tourism in many countries, including Russia. The aim of the study is to identify changes in the structure and dynamics of inbound and outbound tourism in Russia during the period from 2014 to 2022. This period is very difficult for the development of the tourism sector, which is caused by geopolitical shifts in the global space, economic and financial sanctions, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The entire study period is divided into three stages: 2014–2019, 2019–2021. and 2021–2022. Structure of inbound and outbound tourist flow in 2021–2022 has undergone significant changes compared to the periods 2014–2019 and 2019–2021. In 2021, approximately 40% of Russians' foreign trips were to the near abroad. At the same time, the positive dynamics of entry flows to Russia was observed from neighboring states, the CIS countries and a number of states of foreign Asia. Thus, the mutual flow focused mainly on neighboring countries.