Abstract
Abstract Stationary polynyas play an important role in the ice regime of the peripheral Antarctic seas. The article deals with their classification based on their seasonal rhythms of development, which represent a complex process of thermodynamic interaction between ocean and atmosphere. Domination of thermal processes over dynamic processes in the formation of polynyas is described. The dynamics of coastal glaciers play an important role in polynya formation. Data on their variations over the past 20 years are presented. The results were obtained by analysis of satellite imagery showing the development of 110 stationary polynyas near the coasts of Antarctica. The influence of the calving of icebergs on the development of polynyas is demonstrated.
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