Abstract
Gears are one of the most widely applied precision machine elements in power transmission systems employed in automotive, aerospace, marine, rail and industrial applications because of their reliability, precision, efficiency and versatility. Fundamentally, gears provide a very practical mechanism to transmit motion and mechanical power between two rotating shafts. However, their performance and accuracy are often hampered by tooth failure, vibrations and whine noise. This is most acute in high-speed, high power density geared rotor systems, which is the primary scope of this paper. The present study focuses on the development of a gear pair mathematical model for use to analyze the dynamics of power transmission systems. The theory includes the gear mesh representation derived from results of the quasi-static tooth contact analysis. This proposed gear mesh theory comprising of transmission error, mesh point, mesh stiffness and line-of-action nonlinear, time-varying parameters can be easily incorporated into a variety of transmission system models ranging from the lumped parameter type to detailed finite element representation. The gear dynamic analysis performed led to the discovery of the out-of-phase gear pair torsion modes that are responsible for much of the mechanical problems seen in gearing applications. The paper concludes with a discussion on effectual design approaches to minimize the influence of gear dynamics and to mitigate gear failure in practical power transmission systems.
Highlights
Gears have existed for many decades and played a significant role in powering the industrial revolution
In spite of the extensive use of gears in power transmission systems, their performance and accuracy are often hampered by tooth failure, vibrations and whine noise [1,2,3], especially in highspeed, high power density geared rotor systems typically used in automotive, aerospace, marine, rail and industrial applications
Much of the focus of past studies by gear mesh cycle t g researchers have been mostly devoted towards eliminating transmission errors through improvements in gear tooth form design, and j manufacturing and assembly accuracies [8,9]. This strategy includes profile modifications to readjust the positions of the gear teeth so that they are as close as possible to the ideal or design state in the attempt to minimize transmission error. While this solution has worked in some designs, there are still many applications in which the driveline system dynamics is exceedingly sensitive to transmission error causing even the slightest occurrence of transmission to produce excessively high mesh force excitation
Summary
Gears have existed for many decades and played a significant role in powering the industrial revolution. As close as possible to the ideal or design state in the attempt to minimize transmission error While this solution has worked in some designs, there are still many applications in which the driveline system dynamics is exceedingly sensitive to transmission error causing even the slightest occurrence of transmission to produce excessively high mesh force excitation. In these cases, reducing transmission errors does not eliminate the failure problems. The remaining portion of this paper is devoted to the modeling gear pair dynamics and understanding the root cause of gear dynamics
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