Dynamics of heart failure markers and cardiac reverse remodeling in patients receiving cardiac contractility modulation therapy

Abstract

Aim . To assess the clinical course and cardiac reverse remodeling in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) receiving cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) therapy. Material and methods . Fifty-five patients (mean age, 53±11 years, 46 males) with NYHA class II-III HFrEF (ischemic etiology in 73% of patients), sinus rhythm, QRS 25% and <25%) and HF etiology. Results . CCM therapy was associated with a decrease in HF class (p<0,00004001), HF-related hospitalization rate (p<0,0001001), blood NTproBNP concentration (p<0,018), an increase in peak oxygen consumption during the first year (p<0,006011), as well as a decrease in LV volumes and a LVEF increase (p<0,0001001). The direction of these changes did not depend on the number of ventricular leads and LVEF. The presence of ischemic cardiomyopathy and old myocardial infarction did not affect the disease prognosis, but was associated with a lower change in LV volumes and NTproBNP during 24 months of CCM therapy. LVEF values were significantly higher in the group of patients with HFrEF not associated with coronary artery disease after 12 and 24 months of follow-up. Conclusion . In the group of patients with class II-III HFrEF, CCM therapy in most patients was associated with improved clinical and hemodynamic status, increased exercise tolerance, decreased HF-related hospitalization rate, positive echocardiographic and NTproBNP changes.