Abstract
Capitalist development entails a process of productive and social transformation (proletarianization), dispossession of small and medium producers, and conversion of family farmland producing food for local markets into plantations producing staples for export. In some cases this has been characterized as “primitive accumulation”—the dispossession of direct producers from their means of production. However, the structural and political dynamics of this process is only one side. On the other side are the dynamics of resistance against this development—a class struggle against the concentration and centralization of capitalist development—and a struggle for social transformation via agrarian reform. On this side are diverse class- and community-based political organizations formed in the popular sector, but none as important as the peasantry and landless rural workers who have led the fight—the long class war—against the most recent incursion of capitalism in the countryside, defending an economy of small scale agricultural production and demanding the redistribution of land from the ravages of capitalist development.
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