Dynamics of Age-Structure Smoking Models with Government Intervention Coverage under Fractal-Fractional Order Derivatives

Abstract

The rising tide of smoking-related diseases has irreparably damaged the health of both young and old people, according to the World Health Organization. This study explores the dynamics of the age-structure smoking model under fractal-fractional (F-F) derivatives with government intervention coverage. We present a new fractal-fractional model for two-age structure smokers in the Caputo–Fabrizio framework to emphasize the potential of this operator. For the existence-uniqueness criterion of the given model, successive iterative sequences are defined with limit points that are the solutions of our proposed age-structure smoking model. We also use the functional technique to demonstrate the proposed model stability under the Ulam–Hyers condition. The two age-structure smoking models are numerically characterized using the Newton polynomial. We observe that in Groups 1 and 2, a change in the fractal-fractional orders has a direct effect on the dynamics of the smoking epidemic. Moreover, testing the inherent effectiveness of government interventions shows a considerable impact on potential, occasional, and temporary smokers when the fractal-fractional order is 0.95. It is the view that this study will contribute to the applicability of the schemes, the rich dynamics of the fractal, and the fractional perspective of future predictions.