Abstract
A mathematical model for viral infection is formulated by five nonlinear differential equations to describe the interactions between virus, host cells, and the adaptive immune response represented by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) cells and the antibodies. The infection transmission process is modeled by a general incidence function which covers several forms existing in models that studied viral infections such as HIV and HBV infections. Based on the direct Lyapunov method, the global stability of the equilibria is investigated. Furthermore, under certain hypotheses on the incidence function it is proved that the dynamical behavior of the model is fully characterized by the reproduction numbers for viral infection \(R_{0}\), for CTL immune response \(R_{1}^{z}\), for antibody immune response \(R_{1}^{w}\), for CTL immune competition \(R_{2}^{z}\) and for antibody immune competition \(R_{3}^{w}\).
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