Abstract
The process of adsorption from water solutions containing a ternary system of Cu (II), Zn (II), and Ni (II) ions onto buckwheat hulls as a biosorbent was considered. The sorption capacity for buckwheat hulls was determined in sorption equilibrium batch experiments. The sorption kinetics equation corresponding to the mechanism of metal ions with the adsorbent was assumed. A new method for modeling sorption in a packed column was presented. A system of partial differential equations describing the mass balance, due to the assumption of a properly defined variable, was transformed into a system of ordinary nonlinear equations, which enables the identification of object parameters. The sorption capacity of the sorbent, sorption isotherms, and kinetics equations were used in dynamics modeling.
Highlights
The presence of heavy metals in water solutions is of great environmental concern
Analysis of static exchange capacity (SEC) based on the cellulose skeleton structure suggests the presence of proton groups of the alcohol type
SEC analysis performed for the raw buckwheat hulls
Summary
The presence of heavy metals in water solutions is of great environmental concern. Metal ions, such as copper, zinc, and nickel, have a significant impact on the environment because of their toxicity and their tendency to accumulate in living organisms. They are often detected in surface waters and, above all, in industrial wastewater. The removal of potentially toxic metal ions can be accomplished by various methods. Extensive research has been carried involving experiments on various materials, which can be applied to remove heavy metals from water using this method. Zeolites, and ion exchange resins are the most frequently used sorbents (Nejadshafiee and Islami 2020; Ghafar et al 2020; Natalea et al 2020; Lee et al 2020)
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