Dynamics in a diffusive predator–prey system with a constant prey refuge and delay

Abstract

In this paper, a diffusive predator–prey system with a constant prey refuge and time delay subject to Neumann boundary condition is considered. Local stability and Turing instability of the positive equilibrium are studied. The effect of time delay on the model is also obtained, including locally asymptotical stability and existence of Hopf bifurcation at the positive equilibrium. And the properties of Hopf bifurcation are determined by center manifold theorem and normal form theorem of partial functional differential equations. Some numerical simulations are carried out.