Abstract

Abstract An explosive and nonexplosive cyclone that developed during March 1986 along the coast of Japan are analyzed to illustrate the possible interaction of moist baroclinic dynamics, boundary layer structure and surface heat and moisture fluxes in their development. The moist symmetric stability is examined in the warm frontal ascent regions to investigate the contribution of surface energy fluxes to the moist baroclinic dynamics. Results indicate that moist symmetric neutrality occurs in the updraft regions of both cyclones and suggest a direct coupling between surface energy fluxes and the moist baroclinic processes. Surface flux distributions for the two cyclones show that large positive surface heat and moisture fluxes to the northeast of the low persisted in the explosive cyclone but were quite transient in the nonexplosive cyclone. Boundary layer equivalent potential temperature (θe) budgets reveal that approximately half of the local surface θe increase in the warm frontal region throughout the...

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