Abstract
The congestion at the lower frequency bands has forced the telecommunication system engineers to move to higher frequencies. However, microwave signal tends to undergo fading effect at frequencies above 10 GHz due to rainfall. Consequently, the 1-min rain rate data needed for the prediction of rain-induced attenuation is still very scarce in most part of the world, Nigeria inclusive. Therefore, appropriate conversion method is needed to convert the available data to the required 1-min rain rate data. In this paper, an empirical and dynamic method for conversion of long integration time to 1-min integration time has been proposed and compared with other conversion methods. In overall, conversion factor modeled with a power law (CF-PL) is found suitable to be used in this region based on an average rms error less than 2%.
Highlights
Nowadays, operation of wireless communications technology above frequency band of 10 GHz is very important for several daily activities
In order to solve the scenario of fading effect, satellite engineer had to design with the least system lost from the prediction of rain attenuation based on 1-min rain rate
The rainfall data collected at Akure, south western Nigeria between 2011 to 2013 have been utilized to study the effect of integration time on cumulative distribution of rain rate for a tropical station
Summary
Operation of wireless communications technology above frequency band of 10 GHz is very important for several daily activities. Frequency band above 10 GHz has several advantages which are able to fulfill the requirements such as wider spectrum availability, high data transfer rate and smaller antenna size [1]. These advantages can provide enough criteria for the development of telecommunication system. Rain drop affect the propagation of signal in three ways: attenuate the signal by absorbing and scattering the signal, change the signal polarity due to the non-uniform shape of the droplet and increase the system noise temperature which will directly affect the communication links performance [2]. According to International Telecommunication Union (ITU), 1-min rain rate is determined to be the best integration time for the prediction of rain induced attenuation [3]. Suitable conversion method is needed to convert the available rain rate of higher integration time to 1-min integration time
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