Abstract
On the base of a vibrator atomic model the mechanical and thermal properties of the object are analyzed. The potential energy of the vibrator is represented by means of positive term with coordinate deflection in second power and negative term with deflection in fourth power. With the use of dynamical procedure of calculation, which permits to calculate mean deflection and root mean square amplitude of vibrations, the dependence of applied force from mean amplitude and temperature is calculated. This dependence shows a maximum (or minimum, when the direction of force is reversed), the height of which diminishes with rising temperature. When the force reaches the value of the maximum, the object does not elastic counteract to the force, and gliding begins. It is also considered a vibrator with positive term, containing the deflection in second power and a term, where the deflection treats in third power (Boguslawski vibrator). Exact calculations of the dependence of the force from the temperature in adiabatic process, where the entropy is maintained constant, shows that it is represented by means of a curve with a maximum, so that stretching leads to cooling till the point of maximum is reached.
Highlights
The potential energy of the vibrator is represented by means of positive term with coordinate deflection in second power and negative term with deflection in fourth power
It is considered a vibrator with positive term, containing the deflection in second power and a term, where the deflection treats in third power (Boguslawski vibrator)
The calculations are carried out according to dynamical methodic, which has in solid corps an advantage thanks to the lesser number of assumptions, which can be seen from comparing of work [16] with the works of Boguslawski
Summary
The calculations are carried out according to dynamical methodic (further development of calculations that use the virial theorem), which has in solid corps an advantage thanks to the lesser number of assumptions, which can be seen from comparing of work [16] with the works of Boguslawski It can be marked, that in Boguslawski calculations the positive and negative crystal directions are not equivalent, what is essential for arising of thermal expansion and pyroelectricity, but for description of transition to gliding motion the both directions of axis may be equivalent. For calculation of vibrator behavior dynamical procedure is used [15] [16] Another example of the action of anharmonic forces is adiabatic stretching or compression, which causes change of temperature.
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