Dynamical characteristics and physical structure of cusp-like singular solitons in birefringent fibers

Abstract

In this paper, we explore optical nonlinear waves in a birefringent fiber by investigating the dynamics of a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system with four-wave mixing factors. Utilizing the Jacobi elliptic function approach, we achieve this goal by building cusp-like singular soliton solutions in this optical system. Depending on the characteristics of the focusing and defocusing optical medium, we investigate four different physical possibilities. We identify numerous cusp-type singular soliton profiles in these settings, namely cusp-like bright, dark, kink, and antikink solitons. Group velocity dispersion, spatio-temporal dispersion, and four-wave mixing effects are further evaluated in terms of their influence on the constructed singular soliton solutions. We show that the intensity of the singular soliton profiles can be suppressed or enhanced by altering the dispersion values. We also witness interesting transitions: when four-wave mixing parameters are tuned, cusp-like kink-type solitons can become cusp-like antikink solitons and vice versa. These novel findings about singular solitons in birefringent fibers have great promise for experimental uses in the realm of optics, as well as for advancing our knowledge of four wave mixing and nonlinear propagation.