Abstract
In this paper we perform a dynamical analysis for a vector field as a candidate for the dark energy, in the presence of a barothropic fluid. The vector is one component of the so-called cosmic triad, which is a set of three identical copies of an abelian field pointing mutually in orthogonal directions. In order to generalize the analysis, we also assumed the interaction between dark energy and the barotropic fluid, with a phenomenological coupling. Both matter and dark energy eras can be successfully described by the critical points, indicating that the dynamical system theory is a viable tool to analyze asymptotic states of such cosmological models.
Highlights
Among a wide range of alternatives, the field theory can provide some other candidates
In addition to ordinary matter, the remaining 27 % of the energy content of the universe is a form of matter that interacts in principle only gravitationally, known as dark matter
When the dark-energy candidate is in the presence of a barotropic fluid the relevant evolution equations can be converted into an autonomous system and the asymptotic states of the cosmological models can be analyzed
Summary
Among a wide range of alternatives, the field theory can provide some other candidates. When the dark-energy candidate is in the presence of a barotropic fluid (with an equation of state wm = pm/ρm) the relevant evolution equations can be converted into an autonomous system and the asymptotic states of the cosmological models can be analyzed Such approach was done for uncoupled dark energy (quintessence, tachyon field and phantom field for instance [44,45,46,47,48,49]) and coupled dark energy [28,34,50,51,52,53,54,55], but it remained to be done for a vector-like dark energy, whose interesting properties were explored in [20]. We use the linear dynamical systems theory to investigate the critical points that come from the evolution equations for the vector-like dark energy, considering the possibility of interaction between the two components of the dark sector, where we propose a phenomenological coupling.
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