Abstract
Abstract. A web-based system based on the 3DTown project was proposed using Google Earth plug-in that brings information from indoor positioning devices and real-time sensors into an integrated 3D indoor and outdoor virtual world to visualize the dynamics of urban life within the 3D context of a city. We addressed limitation of the 3DTown project with particular emphasis on video surveillance camera used for indoor tracking purposes. The proposed solution was to utilize wireless local area network (WLAN) WiFi as a replacement technology for localizing objects of interest due to the wide spread availability and large coverage area of WiFi in indoor building spaces. Indoor positioning was performed using WiFi without modifying existing building infrastructure or introducing additional access points (AP)s. A hybrid probabilistic approach was used for indoor positioning based on previously recorded WiFi fingerprint database in the Petrie Science and Engineering building at York University. In addition, we have developed a 3D building modeling module that allows for efficient reconstruction of outdoor building models to be integrated with indoor building models; a sensor module for receiving, distributing, and visualizing real-time sensor data; and a web-based visualization module for users to explore the dynamic urban life in a virtual world. In order to solve the problems in the implementation of the proposed system, we introduce approaches for integration of indoor building models with indoor positioning data, as well as real-time sensor information and visualization on the web-based system. In this paper we report the preliminary results of our prototype system, demonstrating the system's capability for implementing a dynamic 3D indoor and outdoor virtual world that is composed of discrete modules connected through pre-determined communication protocols.
Highlights
In recent years, 3D visualization tools such as Google Earth have become essential for street views and visualization of 3D city models
We are motivated to produce a “dynamic virtual 3D world” with emphasis on the indoor environment. This can be done by fusing sensors with 3D indoor building models, where various kinds of environment information and human positions can be integrated with 3D virtual world and connected with real-time, locationbased intelligence
The rest of the paper is structured as follows: section 2 gives an overview of the system architecture and main functions; section 3 describes the approaches to integrate and visualize sensor and indoor position data; section 4 describes our proposed method to integrate indoor and outdoor data and model based on 3D terrestrial laser scanning data and floor plans, and the creation of the dynamic seamless 3D GIS database; section 5 explains localization will be performed using WiFi; section 6 shows the test results of the prototype system; section 7 presents some comments and future works
Summary
3D visualization tools such as Google Earth have become essential for street views and visualization of 3D city models. We present an approach to integrate dynamic human position in an indoor space with real-time sensor information, for example temperature, in an integrated 3D indoor and outdoor virtual world to provide real-time, location-based intelligence. The rest of the paper is structured as follows: section 2 gives an overview of the system architecture and main functions; section 3 describes the approaches to integrate and visualize sensor and indoor position data; section 4 describes our proposed method to integrate indoor and outdoor data and model based on 3D terrestrial laser scanning data and floor plans, and the creation of the dynamic seamless 3D GIS database; section 5 explains localization will be performed using WiFi; section 6 shows the test results of the prototype system; section 7 presents some comments and future works
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