Dynamic Wake Analysis of a Wind Turbine Providing Frequency Containment Reserve in High Wind Speeds

Abstract

With the continuous evolution of the power system towards a more renewable energy based system, a natural and gradual transition will be to provide ancillary services by using renewable production units. Research has shown this to be feasible for wind farms by using efficient prediction and sophisticated control systems. In some parts of the world, strict grid codes are already being implemented that require wind farms to provide ancillary services. Moreover, the primary reserve market in Europe is moving towards shorter procurement periods, providing wind farms an opportunity to more efficiently optimise their resources based on short term forecasts. As a result of these developments, it is expected that more wind farms will provide ancillary services in the near future. The provision of Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR) requires a fast regulation of the turbine power based on the changes of the grid frequency. It is expected that this will have an impact on the wake behind the wind turbine. In wind parks with a high capacity density, such as the offshore wind parks in Belgium, it is important to investigate this impact as it can affect other neighbouring turbines. This paper investigates the dynamic behaviour of the wake generated by a wind turbine providing grid frequency support with FCR.