Abstract
Microfluidic particle crystals, which were previously observed in experiment, can be formed under the mediation of fluid flow. In this letter, we numerically investigated the dynamics of multi particles in an expanding channel, analyzed the fluid-particle interactions during the self-assembling, and revealed the underlying mechanism of the dynamic self-assembly of particles in the presence of fluid flow. Our results show that a pearls-string-like chain can be formed at low Reynolds numbers without external force fields. This research will possibly facilitate the utilization of expanding channel flows to obtain the microfluidic particle crystals for advanced applications in biomedicine and materials synthesis.
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