Abstract
Flexible retaining structure is demonstrated to be an effective measure for debris flow prevention in mountainous areas, which can effectively separate water and stone, reduce particle mass, and dissipate kinetic energy. In order to explore the impulsive force and dynamic response of flexible retaining structure impacted by solid-liquid two-phase debris flow, a complex dynamic interaction model of particle-fluid-structure has been established by employing the SPH-DEM-FEM coupling numerical analysis method. In the present study, the process, impulse force, and dynamic response of a flexible retaining structure subjected to debris flow under different slopes were investigated, respectively. The numerical results are compared with those of the calculation formula of the peak impulsive force of the semiempirical debris flow. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of the coupling numerical simulation is verified. The simulation results show that the coupled SPH-DEM-FEM numerical analysis method can visualise the impact of the solid-liquid two-phase debris flow on the flexible retaining structure, reproducing the impact, retaining, water-stone separation, climbing, silting, and deposition process of debris flow. The dynamic time-history curve of the coupling numerical analysis method for the flexible retaining structure is consistent with the results of the existing literature. The debris flow evaluation results of flexible retaining structure impacted by solid-liquid two-phase debris flow are in an order of magnitude with the empirical formula results. Moreover, the results are reliable. The obtained results have a certain reference value for the study on the impulsive force and dynamic response of the flexible retaining structure impacted by solid-liquid two-phase debris flow and the engineering design of the flexible retaining structure.
Highlights
Debris flow is a solid-liquid two-phase mixed fluid containing a large number of rubbles and sediments, showing the movement characteristics of viscous laminar flow or dilute turbulent flow
This paper studies the impulsive force and dynamic response of flexible retaining structure impacted by solid-liquid two-phase debris flow
The SPH-DEM-FEM coupling numerical analysis method vividly simulates the complex dynamic interaction of particle-fluid-structure, reproducing the impact, retaining, water-stone separation, climbing, silting, and deposition process of debris flow. e SPH method can greatly handle the splashing and diffusion of fluid particles and participate in complex dynamic interaction with flexible retaining structure and debris flow particles. e water-stone separation phenomenon can well reproduce the real debris flow blocking process, which is difficult to be reflected by other numerical analysis methods, which can build up a good foundation for better evaluating the accuracy of debris flow impact assessment of flexible retaining structure. e displacement change of flexible retaining structure over time is analyzed here
Summary
Debris flow is a solid-liquid two-phase mixed fluid containing a large number of rubbles and sediments, showing the movement characteristics of viscous laminar flow or dilute turbulent flow. Leonardi et al [24] employed the DEM method to study the coupling effect of debris flow and flexible retaining structure and compared with the experimental results. Li et al [32] used the SPH-DEM method to study the dynamic performance and impact force of debris flow on a rigid retaining structure. The coupling numerical analysis method provides the basis and reference for the theory and method of this paper, there is no research and discussion on the mechanical properties and impulsive force of flexible retaining structure. E SPH-DEM-FEM numerical analysis method is applied to investigate the dynamic response of a retaining structure impacted by debris flow here, providing a certain reference for debris flow prevention engineering practice Few numerical analysis methods are used to analyze the coupling effect of debris flow and flexible retaining structure. e SPH-DEM-FEM numerical analysis method is applied to investigate the dynamic response of a retaining structure impacted by debris flow here, providing a certain reference for debris flow prevention engineering practice
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