Abstract
In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to the research of dynamic response of long-span bridges with particular emphasis on seismic behavior. Cable-stayed and suspension bridges are the most popular types. Since long-span bridges have multi-supports and extreme lengths, due to the spatial variation effects, the ground motions at different supports might be non-uniform. A state-of-the-art update review of the response of long-span bridges subjected to non-uniform excitation is presented. The review mainly focuses on the theoretical aspects of non-uniform excitation, numerical studies, and experimental studies to verify some of the theoretical findings. In this paper, a review of the use of shake-table in experimental studies of long-span bridges is also presented. The non-uniform cases considered include a time delay with the same support excitations, multiple support excitations, and the combination of the first and the later. The results are discussed and summarized in comparison to the cases of uniform support excitation.
Highlights
Structural analysis of seismic loads is based on the assumption that earthquake excitation at all structural supports is the same, known as uniform excitation
Spatial variability of earthquake ground motion is usually not taken into account in the seismic analysis of the bridge due to the simplification of the design method
Many researchers have carried out numerical analysis of the seismic behavior of long-span bridges subjected to non-uniform ground motion [1,2]
Summary
Structural analysis of seismic loads is based on the assumption that earthquake excitation at all structural supports is the same, known as uniform excitation. Many researchers have carried out numerical analysis of the seismic behavior of long-span bridges subjected to non-uniform ground motion [1,2]. The experimental method plays an important role in civil engineering research Both small-scale modeling tests and full-scale modeling tests are considered robust research methods that can be applied to study the real behavior of structures due to various loading cases and to verify the theoretical analysis. Several tests using shake table on long-span bridge models have been published in the last few decades [3,4,5], while none of them considers the consequences of nonuniform excitation. Testing using a multiple shake table system on the two-girder bridge model was completed at the University of Nevada, Reno by considering nonuniform earthquake excitation case [6,7]. The results of some necessary experimental tests are included
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