Abstract
This study assessed the structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) arch bridges under strong ground motion. A detailed three-dimensional finite element model of a 400 m RC arch bridge with composite superstructure and double RC piers was developed and its behavior when subjected to strong earthquakes examined. Two sets of ground motion records were applied to simulate pulse-type near- and far-field motions. The inelastic behavior of the concrete elements was then evaluated via a seismic time history analysis. The concept of Demand to Capacity Ratios (DCR) was utilized to produce an initial estimate of the dynamic performance of the structure, emphasizing the importance of capacity distribution of force and bending moment within the RC arch and the springings and piers of the bridge. The results showed that the earthquake loads, broadly categorized as near- and far-field earthquake loads, changed a number of the bridge’s characteristics and hence its structural performance.
Highlights
Arch bridges are one of the oldest types of man-made structures and are still widely used when constructing roads in areas with deep ravines
The use of effective cross-section properties is a common practice recommended by the Caltrans Seismic Design Criteria [20], anticipating the development of early cracks developing in reinforced concrete piers due to gravity and lateral loads
The structural performance of a reinforced concrete arch bridge subjected to the action of earthquake ground motion was investigated in this study
Summary
Arch bridges are one of the oldest types of man-made structures and are still widely used when constructing roads in areas with deep ravines. The high complexity and widely varying load experienced by individual bridge members during a seismic event make it essential to improve our understanding of the ductility capacity of the structure under normal circumstances and support a realistic estimation of the ductility demand during an earthquake. Most of the previous researchers adopted a displacement-based approach based on incorporating state-of-the-art design concepts such as performance-based design procedures for steel arch bridges under seismic loads. Previous studies of these complex issues have been limited and the seismic behavior of RC arch bridges tends to be significantly misunderstood by structural engineers. Due to the general lack of quantitative data concerning the seismic responses of RC arch bridges under various types of earthquake events, further investigations are urgently needed. A nonlinear time-history analysis using direct-integration was performed and the average values of the responses calculated to evaluate the demand-capacity ratios of the model bridge
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