Abstract
The development of flexible and efficient communication mechanisms is of paramount importance within the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. IoT has been used for industrial, commercial, and residential applications, and the IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee standard is one of the most suitable protocols for this purpose. This protocol is now frequently used to implement large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In industrial settings, it is becoming increasingly common to deploy cluster-tree WSNs, a complex IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee-based peer-to-peer network topology, to monitor and control critical processes such as those related to oil or gas, mining, or certain specific chemicals. The remote monitoring of critical events for hazards or disaster detection in large areas is a challenging issue, since the occurrence of events in the monitored environment may severely stress the regular operation of the network. This paper proposes the Dynamic REconfiguration mechanism of cluster-Tree WSNs (DyRET), which is able to dynamically reconfigure large-scale IEEE 802.15.4 cluster-tree WSNs, and to assign communication resources to the overloaded branches of the tree based on the accumulated network load generated by each of the sensor nodes. A complete simulation assessment demonstrates the proposed mechanism’s efficiency, and the results show that it can guarantee the required quality of service level for the dynamic reconfiguration of cluster-tree networks.
Highlights
Industrial plants are often constructed on large industrial sites, and involve multiple mechanical or chemical processes that are sometimes deployed in risk-prone outdoor areas
The network reconfiguration time is analysed based on the number of Beacon Interval (BI) required to send all reconfiguration control messages
To demonstrate how critical events significantly affect the behaviour of cluster-tree networks, Figure 11 illustrates the average end-to-end communication delays for all simulation scenarios, considering all the sensor nodes of the network
Summary
Industrial plants are often constructed on large industrial sites, and involve multiple mechanical or chemical processes that are sometimes deployed in risk-prone outdoor areas. The risks posed by natural hazards can be extensive, and this implies a need for uninterrupted monitoring of environmental variables and specific dangerous events that may occur. Real-time data collection and remote monitoring of events over large areas is a challenging issue, and this is conventionally aided by satellite imaging applications that can facilitate the development of disaster detection applications, such as landslide hazard monitoring and fire or forest post-fire detection [1]. To ensure the success of this type of monitoring, several technical challenges need to be overcome. Large-scale monitoring applications generally require complex network topologies to achieve adequate spatial coverage at the same time as communication with low packet losses and low delays. WSN nodes impose an additional constraint in terms of an energy-saving mode of operation
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