Abstract
A photodiode is a small and low-cost photosensitive sensor that can measure the solar vector through at least three combinations, making it a high-precision solar sensor. How to select the number of photodiodes and determine their layout is a challenge in order to solve the solar vector in any direction in a 360° field of view space as much as possible, the author first discretizes the equal surface area of the 360° field of view space, transforming the infinite sensor layout optimization problem into a finite combinatorial optimization (NP problem is difficult). Then, by establishing multi-objective optimization functions for coverage and uniformity, and combining quantum genetic algorithm to solve the optimal solution. The experimental analysis of the layout effects of different numbers of photodiodes and field of view ranges provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the layout of multiple photodiodes. The experimental results show that selecting 12 to 14 photodiodes can basically achieve a layout without coverage risk and uniform risk.
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