Abstract
Catalysts are usually used in the thermal conversion of waste tires to enhance the efficiency of the process and the quality of pyrolytic products. Recently, it has already been proved that Ni/Fe bimetallic catalysts had an effective catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of organic solid wastes. Herein, we employed a TG-IR-GC/MS system to investigate the kinetics and product analysis of waste tire catalytic pyrolysis using Ni/Fe bimetallic ZSM-5 as catalysts. Iso-conversional methods and master-plot methods were employed to estimate the activation energies and reaction model of waste tire catalytic pyrolysis. The results illustrated that the ZSM-5 loading with 7 wt.% Ni and 3 wt.% Fe had the best catalytic effect on decreasing the activation energies with a reduction of 13%. The determination of kinetic models showed that both non-catalyzed and catalyzed pyrolysis were fitted to a Fn model while the addition of a catalyst reduced the reaction order to varying degrees. Both FTIR and GC/MS results suggested that the metallic Ni-based catalyst had strong ability to transform alkenes into aromatic hydrocarbons. Ni/Fe bimetallic catalysts showed almost the same catalytic performance as the Ni metallic catalyst, which could reduce the cost of the catalyst. Thus, this study could deepen the understanding and provide a basic guideline of Ni/Fe bimetallic catalysts on the catalytic pyrolysis process of waste tires.
Highlights
The transportation industry and the automobile manufacturing industry have made great progress in the last few decades
The results showed that the presence of HY led to a dramatic decrease of alkenes and an enormous increase of aromatics, which indicated that HY had an excellent performance on converting alkenes to aromatics in the catalytic pyrolysis of waste tires
Pyrolysis behaviors, kinetics, and product analysis of waste tire catalytic pyrolysis with five Ni/Fe bimetallic ZSM-5 catalysts were investigated by TG-IR-GC/MS
Summary
The transportation industry and the automobile manufacturing industry have made great progress in the last few decades. Thereinto, pyrolytic oil with high value chemicals such as benzene, toluene, xylenes, styrene, and D-limonene are of great interest to waste tire pyrolysis. Catalytic pyrolysis can reduce the activation energy of the pyrolysis reaction, and improve the quality of pyrolysis products, so as to improve the economic benefits of waste tire pyrolysis Zeolites such as ZSM5 [3], USY [4], HY, SBA [5], and MCM [6] were widely used in thermal conversion of waste tire, biomass and electronic waste. Compared with HY, HZSM5 showed a weaker performance on promoting the production of aromatics due to its poor ring-opening ability to D-limonene and its isomers while HZ had the superior selectivity to BTXE (benzene, toluene, xylene, and ethylbenzene). Transition metals such as Ni [8,9], Fe [10], Cu [11] and Zn [12] were loaded on the support as active ingredients, generally
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