Dynamic properties of atomic collective decay in cavity quantum electrodynamics**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11504272, 11774262, 11474003, and 11504003), the National Key Basic Research Special Foundation (Grant No. 2016YFA0302800), the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1330203), the Fund from the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (STCSM)

Abstract

We theoretically study the collective decay of two atoms trapped in a single mode cavity and we describe the evolution of the population of Dicke states. We show that the collective decay property is strongly dependent on the phase of atomic radiation and the speeding up of collective decay can only be observed in a bad cavity regime. For in- or out-phase case, this occurs due to the quantum interference enhancement, no matter which atom is excited initially. For π/2 phase, the speeding up of collective decay takes place if the first atom is excited at the beginning. However, it disappears due to the quantum interference cancellation if the second atom is excited. Compared with the in-phase and out-phase cases, we also show that the speeding up of collective decay can be significantly enhanced in strong coupling regime for π/2 phase, although one atom is decoupled to the cavity in this condition. The study presented here is helpful to understand the physical mechanism of collective decay in cavity quantum electrodynamics and it provides a useful method to control the collective decay phenomenon via quantum interference effect.