Dynamic Price Control Using Pole Placement Method in Smart Grids

Abstract

Energy has been one of the most important concepts that we cannot remove from our lives with its many uses, from transportation, warming, and enlightenment to the tourism sector, being at the beginning of the most basic requirements for humanity for centuries. Renewable energy is a resource that does not decrease according to the increase of the population, can be obtained naturally on earth, can create an alternative solution to energy shortages and several problems. The concept of a smart grid, which provides an advantage for the use of renewable energy sources, ensures that the energy network can be controlled in the future under conditions of intermittent energy production and instantaneous demand. With the increase in distributed production in smart grids, production and consumption conditions have paved the way for energy pricing to be dynamic. In this study, price balancing was achieved by dynamic electricity pricing, which is one of the methods of achieving autonomous control in smart grids and obtaining energy safely. For this purpose, the coefficients of the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller obtained using the pole placement method are modeled in the MATLAB/SIMULINK program with the energy supply-demand scenario. In order to examine the effect of change in energy demand on price, a temporary peak and fall are given to energy demand. According to changing demand conditions, the PID controller has been shown to provide price balance, regulate energy price online and maintain energy balance.