Dynamic Precedence Effect Modeling for Source Separation in Reverberant Environments

Abstract

Reverberation continues to present a major problem for sound source separation algorithms. However, humans demonstrate a remarkable robustness to reverberation and many psychophysical and perceptual mechanisms are well documented. The precedence effect is one of these mechanisms; it aids our ability to localize sounds in reverberation. Despite this, relatively little work has been done on incorporating the precedence effect into automated source separation. Furthermore, no work has been carried out on adapting a precedence model to the acoustic conditions under test and it is unclear whether such adaptation, analogous to the perceptual Clifton effect, is even necessary. Hence, this study tests a previously proposed binaural separation/precedence model in real rooms with a range of reverberant conditions. The precedence model inhibitory time constant and inhibitory gain are varied in each room in order to establish the necessity for adaptation to the acoustic conditions. The paper concludes that adaptation is necessary and can yield significant gains in separation performance. Furthermore, it is shown that the initial time delay gap and the direct-to-reverberant ratio are important factors when considering this adaptation.