Abstract

Abstract We report experimental observation of polarization attractors in the form of vector dissipative solitons from a carbon nanotube mode locked fiber laser. At a time scale of 14–14,000 roundtrips, the typical polarization locked vector solitons, and other appealing attractors are shown. In addition, we observe the vector dissipative solitons operated in dual-wavelength regime with central wavelength of 1533 and 1557 nm which can be related to a fixed point polarization attractor. The results unveiled complex oscillatory behavior of dissipative solitons in the polarization domain which may help understand laser physics, nonlinear optics. The demonstrated work may underpin a new type of high energy laser source leading to possible applications in nanoparticle manipulation, micromachining, spectroscopy etc.

Highlights

  • Ultrashort pulses generated from fiber lasers have attracted tremendous attention of researchers and widely used in many fields such as optical communication, spectroscopy, biomedical imaging [1]

  • The radio frequency (RF) spectrum over 3 GHz span with bandwidth of 1 kHz is shown in Figure 2B, indicating our pulses are stable under this operation regimes

  • Except for the obtained standard polarization locked vector dissipative soliton (PLVDS) that indicates dissipative soliton (DS) can work in a stable state, quasi-stable state can be observed when state of polarization (SOP) is in the form of periodic modulation of output power and can be proved by the unequal residence time of the two orthogonal crossed SOPs caused by polarization hole burning and pumping anisotropy

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Summary

Introduction

Ultrashort pulses generated from fiber lasers have attracted tremendous attention of researchers and widely used in many fields such as optical communication, spectroscopy, biomedical imaging [1]. Attractor is defined as an asymptotic state demonstrating the evolution of state of polarization (SOP) at different time scales involving various mechanisms It is observed various types of attractors such as fixed point, limited cycle, spiral attractors and so forth could appear in the polarization domain with the format of trajectories on the surface of Poincare sphere exhibiting continuous variation of the SOP [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]. Such behavior can be related with the laser cavity anisotropy, gain and loss dynamics. The observed attractors may contribute to more in-depth understanding of nonlinear science, laser physics and underpin future laser technologies with versatile polarization control

Characterization of CNT-PVA film and laser configuration
Experimental results and discussions
Conclusion

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