Abstract

Based on the research carried out within the Research Institute for Construction Equipment and Technology—ICECON S.A. Bucharest, consisting of the design and development of vibrating-action machines and of the technical analysis of optimization of the technological processes with vibrating equipment for highway construction works in Romania. Moreover, the physical and mathematical modeling of this mechanical system used the data obtained in the activity of the certification of the technical level of capability of the processing equipment in industry and construction, taking into account the provisions of procedures and regulations legally enforced by normative documents. These are based on a parametric analysis of the dynamics of the technological processing vibratory equipment and machines. Thus, both the evaluation method and the parametric optimization procedure were established. In this context, this paper presents a numerical analytical approach with discrete and continuous parametric variations, from where favorable areas of operation can be established. In this way, the optimization criteria in stabilized harmonic vibration regimes are approached based on the assessment of the vibration amplitude, of the force transmitted to the processed material and of the energy dissipated in the system. The presented dynamic model as well as the specific parameters were used in the design and/or numerical and experimental assessment for vibrating rammers with the amplitude of the perturbing force from 2 kN up to 100 kN, vibrating compactors with the amplitude of the perturbing force from 100 kN up to 200 kN and vibrating sieves for mineral aggregates with surface sieves of 6, 12 and 18 sqm. The symmetry/asymmetry properties are specific to the dynamic response in steady-state technological regime. Thus, the amplitude of vibrations in resonance presents asymmetry through a functional level necessary for the technological regime. The maximum force transmitted in the technological process is asymmetric in relation to the variation of the excitation pulsation; also, the dissipated energy has asymmetries in the postresonance. Hysteresis loops are symmetrical to the main axis. The originality of the research results comes from the establishment of dynamic parameters for the amplitude of technological vibration, the force transmitted to the working part, the energy dissipated on the cycle, hysteresis loops in a steady-state regime with digital display to identify the dynamic regime and the damping in the system. The calculation relations are specific to machines with a vibrating action and, on their basis, the vibrating equipment from Romania were designed, manufactured and tested, as mentioned in this paper.

Highlights

  • The technological capability of machines with a vibrating action is defined by the set of dynamic parameters necessary to ensure the established level of performance

  • The parameters of the dynamic models and the performances of the technological vibrations are finalized according to the functional particularities of the vibrating equipment [1,2]

  • The most common technologies where vibrating machines have a decisive role in ensuring the quality of material processing are the following: (a) sorting of granular and powdery materials for process industries [3,4]; transport and dosing of granular and pulverulent materials in the cement industry, construction materials, mining, preparation of concrete and asphalt mixtures, processing of mineral aggregates of gravel and quarry [5,6]; realization of the technological processes in construction for dynamic sticking of the piles in the field, compaction by vibrations of road structures, the vibro-compaction of freshly poured concrete [7–9]

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Summary

Introduction

The technological capability of machines with a vibrating action is defined by the set of dynamic parameters necessary to ensure the established level of performance. The parameters of the dynamic models and the performances of the technological vibrations are finalized according to the functional particularities of the vibrating equipment [1,2]. The most common technologies where vibrating machines have a decisive role in ensuring the quality of material processing are the following:. For all categories of vibratory machines for the specified technologies, the same linear dynamic model shall be used, based on which the defining parameters shall be established, namely: amplitude, transmitted force, degree of dynamic isolation and the dissipated energy with the representation of the hysteresis loop in steadystate vibration regime.

Dynamic Calculation Model
Dynamic Response of 1DOF System
The amplitude of of thethe transmitted force
Dynamic Insulation Capacity
Dissipated
Dissipated Energy
Representation of the Hysteresis Loop
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