Dynamic modeling and entity validation of a photovoltaic system

Abstract

We established an entitative photovoltaic (PV) module for measuring the electric power in this study. The generating electric efficiency was calculated according to the electric power. Using the heat transfer mechanism generated during the operation of PV module, thermal energy conservation law and lumped capacitance method were combined with Matlab/Simulink to establish the dynamic model of PV module. The ambient temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation of the environmental factors were the inputs used for predicting the time-varying temperature of different layers inside the module. Based on the solar cell temperature, electric power and electric efficiency could be obtained. The electric power of solar cell declined as the solar cell operating temperature increased. In this study, we used entity module to validate the accuracy of the model. The environmental factors of mounting site were applied to design the backsheet material and to improve the output performance of entity solar module. The PV dynamic model and entity validation showed that electric power and electric efficiency errors are smaller than 1.3%. The PV dynamic model can accurately predict the output performance according to the environmental factors of the site. The PV backsheet was made of glass with higher thermal conductivity to replace traditional tedlar-polyester-tedlar (TPT). Electric power and electric efficiency are increased by 2.353%. The output performance of solar module was improved effectively.