Abstract
This paper presents a novel dynamic group multi-party Quantum Key Agreement (DGMQKA) protocol, achieved by a multicast transmission method. The proposed method is able to achieve arbitrary number of groups and members under the same resources. In addition, it can be dynamically adjusted by joining a new member, combining two groups into one group, revoking an old member and dividing one group into two groups, for different and complex situations. Furthermore, the proposed protocol can be of help to research into Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS), which it complements. The security analysis shows that the proposed protocol can resist both external and internal attacks. In consumption comparison, the proposed protocol using the multicast transmission method is more effective than other current MQKA protocols.
Highlights
In 1984, Bennett and Brassard[1] proposed the first quantum key distribution (QKD, called BB84) protocol
Gao et al.[24] proposed a controlled Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC) (CQSDC) protocol based on quantum teleportation[11], in 2005, which adds a controller to help the receiver to decrypt the secret message but he cannot know anything about the message
The concept of Quantum Key Agreement (QKA) is analogous to the reverse procedure of Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS), so both complement each other through the reduction from multi party QSS (MQSS) to multi-party QSDC (MQSDC) and to multi party QKA
Summary
The basic idea of the proposed protocol is an improvement from the work of Zeng et al.[61]. After the previous key three-qubit entangled agreement, because the group states (because every member nleeaeddesrtsohtaavkeettoutrankseatsuarnlesa,dMeri1(tio =c o1l,l2ec, t3)enotbatnaginleNd3 states for performing GHZ measurement) respectively. Is a The group G1 which is composed of M11, process for this involves five steps: M21, After the previous key agreement, because the group leaders have to take turns, Mi1(i = 1, five-qubit entangled states, respectively. She will be detected by the 1 probability with single qubit1,62. detected with a continuo4us n single detection qubit
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