Abstract
The dynamic stability of a large cross-section tunnel base through water-rich loess under high-speed train loading is a challenging problem. Field cyclical dynamic tests were performed on an actual water-rich loess tunnel to answer this difficult question. The dynamic effects of a high-speed train were generated using a specially developed dynamic testing system. The loading test results showed that the tunnel structure was sensitive to loading frequencies higher than 13 Hz. Vertical dynamic displacement on the loading surface increased nonlinearly with increase in the loading frequency. The vertical vibration velocity became larger at loading frequencies higher than 13 Hz. The maximum vibration velocity on the loading surface was smaller than the permitted value. The maximum velocity in the loess was less than its critical vibration velocity without any resonance occurring. The vertical dynamic stress was somewhat insensitive to loading frequency, and its attenuation with depth can be expressed by an exponential function. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the tunnel structure is safe and that the tunnel base is stable. The tunnel meets the operation requirements for high-speed trains.
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