Abstract
The flavor transformation in a dense neutrino gas can have a significant impact on the physical and chemical evolution of its surroundings. In this work we demonstrate that a dynamic, fast flavor oscillation wave can develop spontaneously in a one-dimensional (1D) neutrino gas when the angular distributions of the electron neutrino and antineutrino cross each other. Unlike the 2D stationary models which are plagued with small-scale flavor structures, the fast flavor oscillation waves remain coherent in the dynamic 1D model in both the position and momentum spaces of the neutrino. The electron lepton number is redistributed and transported in space as the flavor oscillation wave propagates, although the total lepton number remains constant. This result may have interesting implications in the neutrino emission in and the evolution of the compact objects such as core-collapse supernovae.
Highlights
Dense neutrino gases exist in the early universe and at the early epochs of some compact objects such as core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers
An important reason for the lack of research in fast neutrino oscillations in the nonlinear regime is the large dimensionality of the problem
In this work we studied the fast flavor oscillation waves in two 1D neutrino gases with the electron lepton number (ELN) distributions that are similar to what have been found in the neutrino decoupling region of some supernova models [23]
Summary
Dense neutrino gases exist in the early universe and at the early epochs of some compact objects such as core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers. The transformation or oscillations between the electron-flavor (anti-)neutrinos and other neutrino species in these environments can have important consequences on their physical and chemical evolutions. When the angular distributions of νe and νe cross each other (and the other neutrino species have the same emission properties), the collective oscillations can occur on distance/time scales of ∼ GFnν [11, 12], where GF and nν are the Fermi coupling constant and the neutrino density, respectively. An important reason for the lack of research in fast neutrino oscillations in the nonlinear regime is the large dimensionality of the problem (which has a total of seven dimensions in the time, coordinate and momentum spaces). The only studies that investigate the nonlinear regime either make the assumption of the complete homogeneity [14] or use a toy
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