Dynamic entanglement for continuous variables in an electric field background

Abstract

Quantum entanglement is a typical nonclassical correlation. Here, we use this concept to analyze quantum entanglement for continuous variables generated by the Schwinger pair production for constant and pulsed electric fields. An initial two-mode entangled state evolves into a three-mode entangled state through a Gaussian channel of the Schwinger effect, which encodes the information about the Schwinger effect. By detecting the entanglement of the output three-mode state, we obtain the optimal parameters for easier to generate particle–antiparticle pairs. We find that the generated 1 → 2 entanglement is more sensitive to the parameters than the generated 1 → 1 entanglement. Therefore, we should choose the generated 1 → 2 entanglement to extract information. We argue that extracting the optimal parameters from quantum entanglement may guide future experiments.