Dynamic Crosswalk Signal Timing Optimization Model Considering Vehicle and Pedestrian Delays and Fuel Consumption Cost

Keyan Bai,Enjian Yao,Long Pan,Linze Li,Wei Chen

doi:10.3390/su12020689

Abstract

Due to the development of video perception technology, obtaining the volume of pedestrians and vehicles at a crosswalk has become much easier. Based on this development, this paper proposes a dynamic crosswalk signal timing optimization model and then analyzes the effects for three different signal timing strategies. First, we propose the dynamic signal timing optimization model by involving the delays of pedestrians and vehicles, as well as the fuel consumption cost, simultaneously. In the model, we design a dynamic signal timing strategy, using the volume of past cycles to predict the present volume, and then calculate the optimal signal timing by minimizing the total cost of the system. Second, the model is applied to a crosswalk in Beijing, China, as an example, and we compare and analyze the results of three timing strategies: Dynamic signal timing, optimal fixed timing, and current fixed timing. The results show that the dynamic signal timing is more efficient during the morning peak hour in terms of decreasing the total cost. Compared to the current fixed timing result, the vehicle delay and the fuel consumption decrease, while the pedestrian delay increases in both morning peak hour and flat hour for the other two signal timing strategies.

Highlights

Nowadays, traffic congestion has become increasingly serious as more and more people pay attention to the safety and convenience of the traffic system
Chen et al [1] considered the coordination between road utilization rate, traveler time efficiency, and environmental benefits. They established a multi-objective optimization model of intersection signal timing with the goal of maximizing the capacity and minimizing the vehicle parking rate and average traveler delay
The main contributions of this paper are: (a) We consider the delays of the pedestrians and vehicles and the fuel consumption cost simultaneously; (b) we develop a dynamic signal timing optimization model

Summary

Introduction

Traffic congestion has become increasingly serious as more and more people pay attention to the safety and convenience of the traffic system. Chen et al [1] considered the coordination between road utilization rate, traveler time efficiency, and environmental benefits They established a multi-objective optimization model of intersection signal timing with the goal of maximizing the capacity and minimizing the vehicle parking rate and average traveler delay. Xiong et al [2] took the four-phase single intersection as the research object, aiming to reduce the total delay of people and the emission in the intersection area They set up the optimization model by changing the green time of each phase and keeping the signal period unchanged. We propose a dynamic signal timing optimization model considering the actual traffic environment to improve control efficiency, which has important theoretical significance and application value.

Methodology

Pedestrians Delay Model

Calculation of Fuel Consumption Cost

DDyynnaammiicc SSiiggnnaall TTiming and Fixed Signal Timing Strategies

The Influence of Data Collection Interval on Dynamic Signal Timing

Conclusions