Dynamic behaviors of special noise-like pulses and rogue waves in an L-band ultrafast fiber laser

Abstract

We demonstrate a composite regime of the special noise-like pulses (NLPs) and rogue waves (RWs) in an L-band dispersion-managed fiber laser. Apart from stable ultrashort pulses, the fiber laser can easily generate unique NLPs with clear peak on broad spectrum at high pump power and proper polarization state. In this regime, these tiny pulses with irregular intervals experience random fluctuations, making the dynamic evolutions of these pulse envelopes look like the endless undulating mountains along the hundreds of intra-cavity roundtrips. In addition, the real-time observation based on the time-stretch technique shows that there are the unique lacking pieces and changeable pulse durations in this NLPs regime. Besides, the chaotic pulse packets with intensity fluctuations are observed at the proper condition, showing the typical statistical distribution with L shape, which can be called as the typical RWs. It is believed that these results will facilitate the further understanding of the nonlinear characteristics of the NLPs and RWs in ultrafast fiber lasers.