Dynamic behavior of a breakwater triggered by seepage, earthquake action, and wave pressure

Abstract

The dynamic stability analysis of the breakwater is investigated under the actions of seepage, earthquakes, and waves. The research indicates that a non-liquefiable layer is a useful way to prevent the adverse effects of soil liquefaction and to improve the stability of the breakwater. Because of a covering layer of thicker non-liquefied soil, the breakwater will not undergo large liquefied deformation under the coupled actions of seepage, earthquakes, and waves. The dynamic soil pressure response on both sides of the breakwater is more noticeable as the soil depth increases.